The Poetry of Thomas Hardy: A Handbook and Commentary

The Poetry of Thomas Hardy

The Fleeting of Time—

The Hovering of the Soul—

The Coming of Death

Hardy’s drawing to illustrate Amabel in Wessex Poems.

The Poetry of Thomas Hardy

A HANDBOOK AND COMMENTARY

by

J. O. Bailey

THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS • CHAPEL HILL

Copyright © 1970 by

The University of North Carolina Press

All Rights Reserved

Standard Book Number 978-0-8078-9611-2

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 77-97015

To

My Wife Mary and My Daughter Nancy.

Preface

The Poetry of Thomas Hardy: A Handbook and Commentary is an attempt to provide readers, students, and critics with data they need to understand a body of poems often misinterpreted. The poems and the poet were misunderstood during Hardy’s lifetime in ways that both dismayed and amused him. He stated this fact in the poem So Various. The new critics of recent years have continued to misunderstand the poems through ignorance of the facts Hardy had in mind when he wrote.

He put himself intimately—his personal experiences and his observations—into his poetry, but (except briefly, now and then) he did not supply footnotes. The present Handbook and Commentary supplies factual notes and even, where facts are not available, surmises intended to throw light on meaning.

Professor Richard Purdy’s Thomas Hardy: A Bibliographical Study offers many hints of the relation between Hardy’s life and his poetry, but his book is devoted chiefly to manuscripts and publication facts. His notes are limited to citing, for a few poems, the persons or occasions treated or biographical parallels in The Early Life or The Later Years. The commentaries of the present book, recognizing Purdy’s first-hand source of information (his friendship with Mrs. Florence Hardy), tend to rely upon this information as authentic and then to fill in the gaps wherever factual data are available.

My method has been first-hand exploration. I visited the places Hardy names in his poems, talked with elderly citizens of Dorchester who knew Hardy personally, read what remains of Hardy’s notebooks and as many letters as possible, and considered almost everything in print.

In my search for elusive facts I have been aided by institutions and individuals who have heartened me with their faith in the value of this work. I am grateful to the Cooperative Program in the Humanities of Duke University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for a grant that helped me spend the summer of 1965 exploring the Hardiana in the Colby College Library; I am grateful to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for a seven-months’ leave-of-absence in 1966, to live in Dorchester, read the documents in the Dorset County Museum, and explore Hardy’s Wessex, Cornwall, and London. I am grateful to the University Research Council of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for assistance in travel to distant libraries, for stenographic help, and for aid in the publication of this book.

Libraries and museums in both the United States and England have offered every friendly service within their power. I offer thanks to the staffs of the libraries listed here. In the United States: the Colby College Library, the Library of Congress, the New York Public Library (the Berg Collection), the Yale University Library, the Princeton University Library, the Lilly Library of the University of Indiana, and the Miriam Lutcher Stark Library of the University of Texas; and in Great Britain: the Dorset County Museum (custodian of the Max Gate papers, the Sanders Collection, etc.), the Dorset County Library in Dorchester, the Weymouth Public Library, the British Museum, the Bodleian Library in Oxford, the Fitzwilliam Museum and the University Library in Cambridge, the National Library of Scotland in Edinburgh, the County Archives for Wiltshire in Trowbridge, and the Public Records Office in London.

I wish to thank again, in this public statement, the many friendly people who have helped, often with information not to be found in libraries. Dr. George M. Harper, then Chairman of the English Department of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, approved my leave-of-absence for the work in England. The late Professor Carl J. Weber of Colby College gave me, in many conversations and letters, the benefit of his career as a Hardy scholar. Curator Richard Cary, Albert Howard, and Mrs. Mary Wandersee of the Colby Library looked up for me every scrap of information in the Hardiana there. Professor Siegfried Wenzel of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill gave me help with problems involving Latin and Greek.

In Dorchester, where I was a stranger, I asked questions of people who had known Hardy and found everyone glad to help. Curator Roger Peers and his assistants, Miss Maureen Samuel and A. T. Stangrom of the Dorset County Museum, found for me obscure documents collected there. Lieutenant-Colonel D. V. W. Wakely of the Military Museum ransacked files for information about the old soldiers of Hardy’s poems. Assistant Librarian Miss B. M. Betts and County Archivist Miss Margaret Holmes helped me find old deeds and records. Francis Dalton, retired Curator of the Dorset County Museum, pointed out personally known facts about Hardy’s poems. Good friends Ernest and Lillian Burt, living in Dorchester in 1966, took me to Hardy places all through Wessex. Miss May O’Rourke, a secretary for Hardy in the 1920’s, provided personal data about a number of poems. Frank Southerington, Jr., Hardy scholar from nearby Abbotsbury, went with me to explore parish records in the villages where Hardy’s ancestors had lived. Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Skilling, caretakers of the Hardy Birthplace, led me to spots on Egdon Heath mentioned in Hardy’s poems. Mr. Beauchamp of Damers Hospital (formerly the Union of several Hardy poems) guided me through the Hospital and told me its history. Mrs. Vera Mardon, pianist for Hardy and the Hardy Players, showed me a number of letters and recalled her experiences of the 1920’s.

Outside Dorchester, friends were equally generous. Frank Pinion of Sheffield University, then preparing A Hardy Companion, welcomed my company on several excursions and allowed me to read his manuscript. Mrs. Gertrude Bugler of Beaminster, who played Tess in the Hardy Players’ production of Tess of the D’Urbervilles, showed me letters from Hardy and Mrs. Florence Hardy and guided me to sites of poems near her home. Mr. and Mrs. J. Stevens Cox, now of Guernsey, publishers of the Hardy monographs, showed me their collections of material. Miss Lois Deacon let me read the documents upon which Providence and Mr Hardy rests and discussed her theories with me. Hugh G. Brasnett of Wimborne showed me photographs he had made to illustrate Hardy’s works and guided me to places of interest in Wimborne. The late Miss Verena Acland of West Stafford told me the facts underlying Hardy’s Timing Her. Mr. Gell, living in Woodsford Castle, took me through the Castle and discussed the scenes of A Sound in the Night. Mrs. Joan Cochrane of Milton Abbas told me the story of her niece Lorna, of Hardy’s Lorna the Second. Mrs. Gwendolen Bax of the Old Rectory, St. Juliot, gave me information valuable in understanding the poems laid there. Reverend Allen G. Watling, vicar of Melbury Osmund, helped me discover facts in the parish records. Mrs. P. F. Chapman, archivist for Madame Tussaud’s in London, provided information for understanding At Madame Tussaud’s in Victorian Years. Miss Joan Brocklebank of Affpuddle helped with problems of Hardy’s old folk tunes. Dean S. Evans of Gloucester Cathedral gave me information concerning The Abbey Mason. Monica Hutchings, author of Inside Dorset, helped with information about places. Bernard Jones of Sturminster Newton, editor of William Barnes’s Poems, translated for me a number of Hardy’s words from Dorset dialect. Arthur Oswald of Country Life furnished facts for interpreting The Flirt’s Tragedy. Mrs. Muir of Fawley made available the parish records there. To these and others of a list too long for citation, I am grateful for the help mentioned and many interesting suggestions.

I am grateful for permissions that I wish to acknowledge. Macmillan and Company of London has given me permission to quote portions of Hardy’s Collected Poems needed in commentary upon them. Professor Richard Purdy of Yale University, who holds the rights of publication of Hardy’s letters, has allowed me to quote from them whatever is needed in discussion of a poem. H. P. R. Hoare and the National Trust and Maurice P. Rathbone, County Archivist for Wiltshire, gave me permission to publish quotations from the letters of Mrs. Florence Hardy to Alda, Lady Hoare. Miss Irene Cooper Willis, representing the Trustees of the Hardy Estate, showed me her copies of letters in the Library of the University of Leeds and gave me permission to publish for the first time three of Hardy’s poems, hitherto withheld: the early poem, not titled, that begins When wearily we shrink away, and two poems Hardy wrote (or dictated) on his death-bed: Epitaph (for G. K. Chesterton) and Epitaph (for George Moore). Mrs. Hardy evidently refrained from publishing the latter two poems because the men attacked were living. Surely Hardy meant the poems to be published at some time. The notes on these poems indicate their importance.

Contents

Preface

Introduction

Explanatory

A Chronology of Major Events in Hardy’s Life

A Key to Persons Prominent in Hardy’s Poems

William Barnes

Elizabeth (Lizbie) Browne

Louisa Harding

Mrs. Emma Hardy

Mrs. Florence Hardy

Mary Hardy

Mrs. Arthur Henniker

Horace Mosley Moule

Lady Susan O’Brien

Tryphena Sparks

A Key to Places Prominent in Hardy’s Poems

Beeny Cliff

Black Down

Blackmoor (Blackmore) Vale

Bockhampton Lane

Boscastle

Bossiney

Budmouth

Casterbridge

Colliton House

Conquer Barrow

Dorchester

Durnover

Egdon Heath

Fordington

Frome (Froom) River, The

Grey’s Bridge

High Stoy

Higher Bockhampton

King’s Hintock

Kingston Maurward

Lewsdon Hill

Lower Bockhampton

Maiden (Mai Dun) Castle

Maumbury (Maembury) Ring(s)

Max Gate

Melbury Osmund

Mellstock

Pilsdon Pen

Poundbury Camp

Puddletown

Pummery (Pummerie)

Rainbarrow (s)

Ridgeway (Ridge-way)

Roman Road, The

Rushy Pond

St. Juliot Rectory

St. Peter’s Church

Stinsford Church

Union, The

Valency (Vallency) River, The

Weatherbury

West Stafford

Weymouth

Winyard’s (Wynyard’s) Gap

Yellowham (Yell’ham) Wood

PART ONE: NOTES ON HARDY’S COLLECTED POEMS

Wessex Poems

The Temporary the All

Amabel

Hap

In Vision I Roamed

At a Bridal

Postponement

A Confession to a Friend in Trouble

Neutral Tones

She at His Funeral

Her Initials

Her Dilemma

Revulsion

The She, to Him Sonnets

She, to Him, I

She, to Him, II

She, to Him, III

She, to Him, IV

Ditty

The Sergeant’s Song

Valenciennes

San Sebastian

The Stranger’s Song

The Burghers

Leipzig

The Peasant’s Confession

The Alarm

Her Death and After

The Dance at the Phoenix

The Casterbridge Captains

A Sign-Seeker

My Cicely

Her Immortality

The Ivy-Wife

A Meeting with Despair

Unknowing

Friends Beyond

To Outer Nature

Thoughts of Phena

Middle-Age Enthusiasms

In a Wood

To a Lady

To a Motherless Child

Nature’s Questioning

The Impercipient

At an Inn

The Slow Nature

In a Eweleaze Near Weatherbury

The Bride-Night Fire

Heiress and Architect

The Two Men

Lines

I Look Into My Glass

Poems of the Past and the Present

V. R. 1819-1901

War Poems

Embarcation

Departure

The Colonel’s Soliloquy

The Going of the Battery

At the War Office, London

A Christmas Ghost-Story

Drummer Hodge

A Wife in London

The Souls of the Slain

Song of the Soldiers’ Wives and Sweethearts

The Sick Battle-God

Poems of Pilgrimage

Genoa and the Mediterranean

Shelley’s Skylark

In the Old Theatre, Fiesole

Rome: On the Palatine

Rome: Building a New Street in the Ancient Quarter

Rome: The Vatican: Sala Delle Muse

Rome: At the Pyramid of Cestius Near the Graves of Shelley and Keats

Lausanne: In Gibbon’s Old Garden: 11-12 P.M.

Zermatt: To the Matterhorn

The Bridge of Lodi

On an Invitation to the United States

Miscellaneous Poems

The Mother Mourns

I Said to Love

A Commonplace Day

At a Lunar Eclipse

The Lacking Sense

To Life

Doom and She

The Problem

The Subalterns

The Sleep-Worker

The Bullfinches

God-Forgotten

The Bedridden Peasant

By the Earth’s Corpse

Mute Opinion

To an Unborn Pauper Child

To Flowers from Italy in Winter

On a Fine Morning

To Lizbie Browne

Song of Hope

The Well-Beloved

Her Reproach

The Inconsistent

A Broken Appointment

Between Us Now

How Great My Grief

I Need Not Go

The Coquette, and After

A Spot

Long Plighted

The Widow Betrothed

At a Hasty Wedding

The Dream-Follower

His Immortality

The To-Be-Forgotten

Wives in the Sere

The Superseded

An August Midnight

The Caged Thrush Freed and Home Again

Birds at Winter Nightfall

The Puzzled Game-Birds

Winter in Durnover Field

The Last Chrysanthemum

The Darkling Thrush

The Comet at Yell’ham

Mad Judy

A Wasted Illness

A Man

The Dame of Athelhall

The Seasons of Her Year

The Milkmaid

The Levelled Churchyard

The Ruined Maid

The Respectable Burgher

Architectural Masks

The Tenant-for-Life

The King’s Experiment

The Tree

Her Late Husband

The Self-Unseeing

In Tenebris

In Tenebris I

In Tenebris II

In Tenebris III

The Church-Builder

The Lost Pyx

Tess’s Lament

The Supplanter

Imitations, etc.

Sapphic Fragment

Catullus: XXXI

After Schiller

Song from Heine

From Victor Hugo

Cardinal Bembo’s Epitaph on Raphael

I Have Lived with Shades

Memory and I

‘AГNΩΣTΩι ⊖EΩι

Time’s Laughingstocks and Other Verses

Time’s Laughingstocks

The Revisitation

A Trampwoman’s Tragedy

The Two Rosalinds

A Sunday Morning Tragedy

The House of Hospitalities

Bereft

John and Jane

The Curate’s Kindness

The Flirt’s Tragedy

The Rejected Member’s Wife

The Farm-Woman’s Winter

Autumn in King’s Hintock Park

Shut Out That Moon

Reminiscences of a Dancing Man

The Dead Man Walking

More Love Lyrics

1967

Her Definition

The Division

On the Departure Platform

In a Cathedral City

I Say I’ll Seek Her

Her Father

At Waking

Four Footprints

In the Vaulted Way

In the Mind’s Eye

The End of the Episode

The Sigh

In the Night She Came

The Conformers

The Dawn After the Dance

The Sun on the Letter

The Night of the Dance

Misconception

The Voice of the Thorn

From Her in the Country

Her Confession

To an Impersonator of Rosalind

To an Actress

The Minute Before Meeting

He Abjures Love

A Set of Country Songs

Let Me Enjoy

At Casterbridge Fair

The Ballad-Singer

Former Beauties

After the Club Dance

The Market-Girl

The Inquiry

A Wife Waits

After the Fair

The Dark-Eyed Gentleman

To Carrey Clavel

The Orphaned Old Maid

The Spring Call

Julie-Jane

News for Her Mother

The Fiddler

The Husband’s View

Rose-Ann

The Homecoming

Pieces Occasional and Various

A Church Romance

The Rash Bride

The Dead Quire

The Christening

A Dream Question

By the Barrows

A Wife and Another

The Roman Road

The Vampirine Fair

The Reminder

The Rambler

Night in the Old Home

After the Last Breath

In Childbed

The Pine Planters

The Dear

One We Knew

She Hears the Storm

A Wet Night

Before Life and After

New Year’s Eve

God’s Education

To Sincerity

Panthera

The Unborn

The Man He Killed

Geographical Knowledge

One Ralph Blossom Soliloquizes

The Noble Lady’s Tale

Unrealized

Wagtail and Baby

Aberdeen

George Meredith

Yell’ham-Wood’s Story

A Young Man’s Epigram on Existence

Satires of Circumstance Lyrics and Reveries

Lyrics and Reveries

In Front of the Landscape

Channel Firing

The Convergence of the Twain

The Ghost of the Past

After the Visit

To Meet, or Otherwise

The Difference

The Sun on the Bookcase

When I Set Out for Lyonnesse

A Thunderstorm in Town

The Torn Letter

Beyond the Last Lamp

The Face at the Casement

Lost Love

My Spirit Will Not Haunt the Mound

Wessex Heights

In Death Divided

The Place on the Map

The Schreckhorn

A Singer Asleep

A Plaint to Man

God’s Funeral

Spectres that Grieve

Ah, Are You Digging on My Grave?

Self-Unconscious

The Discovery

Tolerance

Before and After Summer

At Day-Close in November

The Year’s Awakening

Under the Waterfall

Poems of 1912-13

The Going

Your Last Drive

The Walk

Rain on a Grave

I Found Her Out There

Without Ceremony

Lament

The Haunter

The Voice

His Visitor

A Circular

A Dream or No

After a Journey

A Death-Day Recalled

Beeny Cliff

At Castle Boterel

Places

The Phantom Horsewoman

The Spell of the Rose

St. Launce’s Revisited

Where the Picnic Was

Miscellaneous Pieces

The Wistful Lady

The Woman in the Rye

The Cheval-Glass

The Re-enactment

Her Secret

She Charged Me

The Newcomer’s Wife

A Conversation at Dawn

A King’s Soliloquy on the Night of His Funeral

The Coronation

Aquae Sulis

Seventy-Four and Twenty

The Elopement

I Rose Up As My Custom Is

A Week

Had You Wept

Bereft, She Thinks She Dreams

In the British Museum

In the Servants’ Quarters

The Obliterate Tomb

Regret Not Me

The Recalcitrants

Starlings on the Roof

The Moon Looks In

The Sweet Hussy

The Telegram

The Moth-Signal

Seen by the Waits

The Two Soldiers

The Death of Regret

In the Days of Crinoline

The Roman Gravemounds

The Workbox

The Sacrilege

The Abbey Mason

The Jubilee of a Magazine

The Satin Shoes

Exeunt Omnes

A Poet

Satires of Circumstance in Fifteen Glimpses

At Tea

In Church

By Her Aunt’s Grave

In the Room of the Bride-Elect

At a Watering-Place

In the Cemetery

Outside the Window

In the Study

At the Altar-Rail

In the Nuptial Chamber

In the Restaurant

At the Draper’s

On the Death-Bed

Over the Coffin

In the Moonlight

Moments of Vision

Moments of Vision

The Voice of Things

Why Be At Pains?

We Sat at the Window

Afternoon Service at Mellstock

At the Wicket-Gate

In a Museum

Apostrophe to an Old Psalm Tune

At the Word Farewell

First Sight of Her and After

The Rival

Heredity

You Were the Sort that Men Forget

She, I, and They

Near Lanivet, 1872

Joys of Memory

To the Moon

Copying Architecture in an Old Minster

To Shakespeare After Three Hundred Years

Quid Hic Agis?

On a Midsummer Eve

Timing Her

Before Knowledge

The Blinded Bird

The Wind Blew Words

The Faded Face

The Riddle

The Duel

At Mayfair Lodgings

To my Father’s Violin

The Statue of Liberty

The Background and the Figure

The Change

Sitting on the Bridge

The Young Churchwarden

I Travel as a Phantom Now

Lines to a Movement in Mozart’s E-Flat Symphony

In the Seventies

The Pedigree

His Heart A Woman’s Dream

Where They Lived

The Occultation

Life Laughs Onward

The Peace-Offering

Something Tapped

The Wound

A Merrymaking in Question

I Said and Sang Her Excellence

A January Night

A Kiss

The Announcement

The Oxen

The Tresses

The Photograph

On a Heath

An Anniversary

By the Runic Stone

The Pink Frock

Transformations

In Her Precincts

The Last Signal

The House of Silence

Great Things

The Chimes

The Figure in the Scene

Why Did I Sketch

Conjecture

The Blow

Love the Monopolist

At Middle-Field Gate in February

The Youth Who Carried a Light

The Head Above the Fog

Overlooking the River Stour

The Musical Box

On Sturminster Foot-Bridge

Royal Sponsors

Old Furniture

A Thought in Two Moods

The Last Performance

You on the Tower

The Interloper

Logs on the Hearth

The Sunshade

The Ageing House

The Caged Goldfinch

At Madame Tussaud’s in Victorian Years

The Ballet

The Five Students

The Wind’s Prophecy

During Wind and Rain

He Prefers Her Earthly

The Dolls

Molly Gone

A Backward Spring

Looking Across

At a Seaside Town in 1869

The Glimpse

The Pedestrian

Who’s in the Next Room?

At a Country Fair

The Memorial Brass: 186-

Her Love-Birds

Paying Calls

The Upper Birch-Leaves

It Never Looks Like Summer

Everything Comes

The Man with a Past

He Fears His Good Fortune

He Wonders About Himself

Jubilate

He Revisits His First School

I Thought, My Heart

Fragment

Midnight on the Great Western

Honeymoon Time at an Inn

The Robin

I Rose and Went to Rou’tor Town

The Nettles

In a Waiting-Room

The Clock-Winder

Old Excursions

The Masked Face

In a Whispering Gallery

The Something That Saved Him

The Enemy’s Portrait

Imaginings

On the Doorstep

Signs and Tokens

Paths of Former Time

The Clock of the Years

At the Piano

The Shadow on the Stone

In the Garden

The Tree and the Lady

An Upbraiding

The Young Glass-Stainer

Looking at a Picture on an Anniversary

The Choirmaster’s Burial

The Man Who Forgot

While Drawing in a Churchyard

For Life I Had Never Cared Greatly

Poems of War and Patriotism

Men Who March Away

His Country

England to Germany in 1914

On the Belgian Expatriation

An Appeal to America on Behalf of the Belgian Destitute

The Pity of It

In Time of Wars and Tumults

In Time of The Breaking of Nations

Cry of the Homeless

Before Marching and After

Often When Warring

Then and Now

A Call to National Service

The Dead and the Living One

A New Year’s Eve in War Time

I Met a Man

I Looked Up from My Writing

Finale

The Coming of the End

Afterwards

Late Lyrics and Earlier

Apology

Weathers

The Maid of Keinton Mandeville

Summer Schemes

Epeisodia

Faintheart in a Railway Train

At Moonrise and Onwards

The Garden Seat

Barthélémon at Vauxhall

I Sometimes Think

Jezreel

A Jog-Trot Pair

The Curtains Now Are Drawn

According to the Mighty Working

I Was Not He

The West-of-Wessex Girl

Welcome Home

Going and Staying

Read by Moonlight

At a House in Hampstead

A Woman’s Fancy

Her Song

A Wet August

The Dissemblers

To a Lady Playing and Singing in the Morning

A Man was Drawing Near to Me

The Strange House

As ‘Twere To-Night

The Contretemps

A Gentleman’s Epitaph on Himself and a Lady, Who Were Buried Together

The Old Gown

A Night in November

A Duettist to Her Pianoforte

Where Three Roads Joined

And There Was a Great Calm

Haunting Fingers

The Woman I Met

If It’s Ever Spring Again

The Two Houses

On Stinsford Hill at Midnight

The Fallow Deer at the Lonely House

The Selfsame Song

The Wanderer

A Wife Comes Back

A Young Man’s Exhortation

At Lulworth Cove a Century Back

A Bygone Occasion

Two Serenades

The Wedding Morning

End of the Year 1912

The Chimes Play Life’s a Bumper!

I Worked No Wile to Meet You

At the Railway Station, Upway

Side by Side

Dream of the City Shopwoman

A Maiden’s Pledge

The Child and the Sage

Mismet

An Autumn Rain-Scene

Meditations on a Holiday

An Experience

The Beauty

The Collector Cleans His Picture

The Wood Fire

Saying Good-Bye

On the Tune Called The Old-Hundred-and-Fourth

The Opportunity

Evelyn G. of Christminster

The Rift

Voices from Things Growing in a Churchyard

On the Way

She Did Not Turn

Growth in May

The Children and Sir Nameless

At the Royal Academy

Her Temple

A Two-Years’ Idyll

By Henstridge Cross at the Year’s End

Penance

I Look in Her Face

After the War

If You Had Known

The Chapel-Organist

Fetching Her

Could I But Will

She Revisits Alone the Church of Her Marriage

At the Entering of the New Year

They Would Not Come

After a Romantic Day

The Two Wives

I Knew a Lady

A House with a History

A Procession of Dead Days

He Follows Himself

The Singing Woman

Without, Not Within Her

O I Won’t Lead a Homely Life

In the Small Hours

The Little Old Table

Vagg Hollow

The Dream is—Which?

The Country Wedding

First Or Last

Lonely Days

What Did It Mean?

At the Dinner-Table

The Marble Tablet

The Master and the Leaves

Last Words to a Dumb Friend

A Drizzling Easter Morning

On One Who Lived and Died Where He Was Born

The Second Night

She Who Saw Not

The Old Workman

The Sailor’s Mother

Outside the Casement

The Passer-By

I Was the Midmost

A Sound in the Night

On a Discovered Curl of Hair

An Old Likeness

Her Apotheosis

Sacred to the Memory

To a Well-Named Dwelling

The Whipper-in

A Military Appointment

The Milestone by the Rabbit-Burrow

The Lament of the Looking-Glass

Cross-Currents

The Old Neighbour and the New

The Chosen

The Inscription

The Marble-Streeted Town

A Woman Driving

A Woman’s Trust

Best Times

The Casual Acquaintance

Intra Sepulchrum

The Whitewashed Wall

Just the Same

The Last Time

The Seven Times

The Sun’s Last Look on the Country Girl

In a London Flat

Drawing Details in an Old Church

Rake-Hell Muses

The Colour

Murmurs in the Gloom

Epitaph

An Ancient to Ancients

After Reading Psalms XXXIX., XL., Etc.

Surview

Human Shows

Waiting Both

A Bird-Scene at a Rural Dwelling

Any Little Old Song

In a Former Resort after Many Years

A Cathedral Façade at Midnight

The Turnip-Hoer

The Carrier

Lover to Mistress

The Monument-Maker

Circus-Rider to Ringmaster

Last Week in October

Come Not; Yet Come!

The Later Autumn

Let Me Believe

At a Fashionable Dinner

Green Slates

An East-End Curate

At Rushy-Pond

Four in the Morning

On the Esplanade

In St. Paul’s a While Ago

Coming Up Oxford Street: Evening

A Last Journey

Singing Lovers

The Month’s Calendar

A Spellbound Palace

When Dead

Sine Prole

Ten Years Since

Every Artemisia

The Best She Could

The Graveyard of Dead Creeds

There Seemed a Strangeness

A Night of Questionings

Xenophanes, the Monist of Colophon

Life and Death at Sunrise

Night-Time in Mid-Fall

A Sheep Fair

Snow in the Suburbs

A Light Snow-Fall After Frost

Winter Night in Woodland

Ice on the Highway

Music in a Snowy Street

The Frozen Greenhouse

Two Lips

No Buyers

One Who Married Above Him

The New Toy

Queen Caroline to Her Guests

Plena Timoris

The Weary Walker

Last Love-Word

Nobody Comes

In the Street

The Last Leaf

At Wynyard’s Gap