Grant’s Campaign in Virginia (The Wilderness Campaign) 1864

SPECIAL CAMPAIGN SERIES. NO. 8

GRANT'S CAMPAIGN

IN VIRGINIA, 1864

(THE WILDERNESS CAMPAIGN)

BY

CAPT. VAUGHAN-SAWYER

INDIAN ARMY

WITH MAPS AND PLANS

 This edition is published by PICKLE PARTNERS PUBLISHING

Text originally published in 1908 under the same title.

© Pickle Partners Publishing 2011, all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electrical, mechanical or otherwise without the written permission of the copyright holder.

Publisher’s Note

Although in most cases we have retained the Author’s original spelling and grammar to authentically reproduce the work of the Author and the original intent of such material, some additional notes and clarifications have been added for the modern reader’s benefit.

Contents

LIST OF MAPS 11

LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED 11

Corrigenda and Errata 12

CHAPTER I — OUTLINE OF THE WAR. 13

CHAPTER II — PLANS AND DISPOSITIONS 19

CHAPTER III — THE WILDERNESS FIRST DAY 25

CHAPTER IV — THE WILDERNESS SECOND DAY 30

CHAPTER V — ADVANCE TO SPOTTSYLVANIA 36

CHAPTER VI — SPOTTSYLVANIA 42

CHAPTER VII — SHENANDOAH AND JAMES 47

CHAPTER VIII — NORTH ANNA 57

CHAPTER IX — TOTOPOTOMOY 65

CHAPTER X — COLD HARBOUR 71

CHAPTER XI — PETERSBURG 77

CHAPTER XII — FINAL OPERATIONS AND CONCLUSION 83

MAPS 88

I – CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE MAPS - 1861 88

Charleston Harbor, Bombardment of Fort Sumter – 12th & 13th April 1861 88

1st Bull Run Campaign – Theatre Overview July 1861 89

Bull Run – 21st July 1861 90

1st Bull Run Campaign – Situation 18th July 1861 91

1st Bull Run Campaign – Situation 21st July 1861 (Morning) 92

1st Bull Run Campaign - 21st July 1861 Actions 1-3 p.m. 93

1st Bull Run Campaign - 21st July 1861 Union Retreat 4 P.M. to Dusk 94

II – CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE MAPS - 1862 95

Battle of Mill Springs – 19th January 1862 (6-8.30 A.M.) Confederate Attacks 95

Battle of Mill Springs – 19th January 1862 (9 A.M.) Union Attacks 96

Forts Henry and Donelson – 6th to 16th February 1862 97

Battle of Fort Donelson – 14th February 1862 98

Battle of Fort Donelson – 15th February 1862 Morning 99

Battle of Fort Donelson – 15th February 1862 Morning 100

New Madrid and Island No. 10 – March 1862 101

Pea Ridge – 5th to 8th March 1862 102

First Battle of Kernstown – 23rd March 1862, 11 – 16:45 103

Shiloh (or Pittsburg Landing) - 6th & 7th April 1862 104

Battle of Shiloh – 6th April 1862 - Morning 105

Battle of Shiloh – 6th April 1862 – P.M. 106

Battle of Yorktown – 5th to 16th April 1862 107

Jackson’s Valley Campaign – 24th to 25th May 1862 - Actions 108

Williamsburg – 5th May 1862 109

Fair Oaks – 31st May to 1st June 1862 110

Battle of Seven Pines – 31st May 1862 111

Seven Days – 26th June to 2nd July 1862 112

Seven Days Battles – 25th June to 1st July 1862 - Overview 113

Seven Days Battles – 26th & 27th June 1862 114

Seven Days Battles – 30th June 1862 115

Seven Days Battles – 1st July 1862 116

Battle of Gaines Mill – 27th June 1862 2.30 P.M. Hill’s Attacks 117

Battle of Gaines Mill – 27th June 1862 3.30 P.M. Ewell’s Attacks 118

Battle of Gaines Mill – 27th June 1862 7 P.M. General Confederate Attacks 119

Pope’s Campaign - 24th August 1862 120

Pope’s Campaign - 28th August 1862 A.M. 121

Pope’s Campaign - 28th August 1862 6 P.M. 122

Second Battle of Bull Run – 28th August 1862 123

Second Battle of Bull Run – 29th August 1862 10 A.M. 124

Second Battle of Bull Run – 29th August 1862 12 P.M. 125

Second Battle of Bull Run – 29th August 1862 5 P.M. 126

Pope’s Campaign – 29th August 1862 Noon. 127

Second Battle of Bull Run – 30th August 1862 3 P.M. 128

Second Battle of Bull Run – 30th August 1862 4.30 P.M. 129

Second Battle of Bull Run – 30th August 1862 5 P.M. 130

Battle of Harpers Ferry – 15th September 1862 131

Antietam – 16th & 17th September 1862 132

Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 Overview 133

Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 6 A.M. 134

Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 7.30 A.M. 135

Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 9 A.M. 136

Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 10 A.M. 137

Iuka – 19th September 1862 138

Battle of Iuka – 19th September 1862 139

Corinth – 3rd & 4th October 1862 140

Second Battle of Corinth – 3rd October 1862 141

Second Battle of Corinth – 4th October 1862 142

Perryville – 8th October 1862 143

Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 2 P.M. 144

Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 3 P.M. 145

Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 3.45 P.M. 146

Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 4 P.M. 147

Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 4.15 P.M. 148

Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 5.45 P.M. 149

Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 150

Battle of Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 Overview 151

Battle of Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 Sumner’s Assault 152

Battle of Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 Hooker’s Assault 153

Battle of Chickasaw Bayou – 26th to 29th December 1862 154

Stone’s River – 31st December 1862 155

Battle of Stones River – 30th December 1862 156

Battle of Stones River – 31st December 1862 – 8.00 A.M. 157

Battle of Stones River – 31st December 1862 – 9.45 A.M. 158

Battle of Stones River – 31st December 1862 – 11.00 A.M. 159

III – CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE MAPS - 1863 160

Battle of Stones River – 2nd January 1863 – 4 P.M. 160

Battle of Stones River – 2nd January 1863 – 4 P.M. 161

Battle of Stones River – 2nd January 1863 – 4.45 P.M. 162

Chancellorsville Campaign (Hooker’s Plan) – April 1863 163

Battle of Chancellorsville – 1st May 1863 Actions 164

Battle of Chancellorsville – 2nd May 1863 Actions 165

Chancellorsville – 2nd May 1863 166

Chancellorsville – 3rd to 5th May 1863 167

Battle of Chancellorsville – 3rd May 1863 Actions 6 A.M. 168

Battle of Chancellorsville – 3rd May 1863 Actions 10 A.M. – 5 P.M. 169

Battle of Chancellorsville – 4th to 6th May 1863. 170

Battle of Brandy Station – 8th June 1863 171

Siege of Vicksburg – 25th May to 4th July 1863 172

Siege of Vicksburg – 19th May 1863 - Assaults 173

Siege of Vicksburg – 22nd May 1863 - Assaults 174

Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 175

Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 Overview 176

Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 7 A.M. 177

Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 10 A.M. 178

Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 10.45 A.M. 179

Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 11 A.M. 180

Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 12.30 P.M. 181

Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 2 P.M. 182

Gettysburg – 2nd to 4th July 1863 183

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Lee’s Plan 184

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Overview 185

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Cemetary Ridge A.M. 186

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Culp’s Hill – Initial Defence 187

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Culp’s Hill – Evening attacks 188

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Hood’s Assaults 189

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Peach Orchard Initial Assaults 190

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Peach Orchard and Cemetary Ridge 191

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Wheatfield – Initial Assaults 192

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Wheatfield – Second Phase 193

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Cemetery Hill Evening 194

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Little Round Top (1) 195

Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Little Round Top (2) 196

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 Overview 197

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 – Pickett’s Charge 198

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 – Pickett’s Charge Detail 199

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 Culp’s Hill – Johnson’s Third Attack 200

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 East Cavalry Field – Opening Positions 201

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 East Cavalry Field – First Phase 202

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 East Cavalry Field – Second Phase 203

Battle of Gettysburg – 3rd July 1863 South Cavalry Field 204

Battle of Gettysburg – Battlefield Overview 205

Fight at Monterey Pass – 4th to 5th July 1863 206

Chickamauga – 19th & 20th September 1863 207

Chickamauga Campaign – Davis’s Crossroads – 11th September 1863 208

Chickamauga Campaign – 18th September 1863 After Dark 209

Battle of Chickamauga – 19th September 1863 Morning 210

Battle of Chickamauga – 19th September 1863 Early Afternoon 211

Battle of Chickamauga – 19th September 1863 Early Afternoon 212

Battle of Chickamauga – 20th September 1863 9 A.M. to 11 A.M. 213

Battle of Chickamauga – 20th September 1863 11 A.M. to Mid-Afternoon 214

Battle of Chickamauga – 20th September 1863 Mid-Afternoon to Dark 215

Battle of Chickamauga – 20th September 1863 Brigade Details 216

Chattanooga – 23rd to 25th November 1863 217

Chattanooga Campaign – 24th & 25th November 1863 218

Chattanooga Campaign – Federal Supply Lines and Wheeler’s Raid 219

Battle of Missionary Ridge – 25th November 1863 220

Mine Run – 26th to 30th November 1863 221

IV – CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE MAPS - 1864 222

Siege of Petersburg – Actions 29th to 31st March 1864 222

Wilderness – 5th & 6th May 1864 223

Battle of the Wilderness – 5th May 1864 – Positions 7 A.M. 224

Battle of the Wilderness – 5th May 1864 - Actions 225

Battle of the Wilderness – 6th May 1864 – Actions 5 A.M. 226

Battle of the Wilderness – 6th May 1864 – Actions 6 A.M. 227

Battle of the Wilderness – 6th May 1864 – Actions 11 A.M. 228

Battle of the Wilderness – 6th May 1864 – Actions 2 P.M. 229

Spotsylvania – 8th to 21st May 1864 230

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House – 7th & 8th May 1864 - Movements 231

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House – 8th May 1864 - Actions 232

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House – 9th May 1864 - Actions 233

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House – 10th May 1864 - Actions 234

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House – 12th May 1864 - Actions 235

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House – 13th May 1864 - Actions 236

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House – 17th May 1864 - Actions 237

North Anna – 23rd to 26th May 1864 238

Battle of North Anna – 23rd May 1864 239

Battle of North Anna – 24th May 1864 240

Battle of North Anna – 25th May 1864 241

Battle of Haw’s Shop – 28th May 1864 242

Battle of Bethseda Church (1) – 30th May 1864 243

Battle of Bethseda Church (2) – 30th May 1864 244

Cold Harbor – 31st May to 12th June 1864 245

Battle of Cold Harbor – 1st June 1864 246

Battle of Cold Harbor – 3rd June 1864 247

Pickett’s Mills and New Hope Church – 25th to 27th May 1864 248

Battle of Kennesaw Mountain – 27th June 1864 249

Siege of Petersburg – Actions 15th to 18th June 1864 250

Siege of Petersburg – Actions 21st to 22nd June 1864 251

Siege of Petersburg – Actions 30th July 1864 252

Wilson-Kautz Raid – 22nd June to 1st July 1864 253

First Battle of Deep Bottom – 27th to 29th July 1864 254

Second Battle of Deep Bottom – 14th to 20th August 1864 255

Siege of Petersburg – Actions 18th to 19th August 1864 256

Opequon, or Winchester, Va. – 19th September 1864 257

Fisher’s Hill – 22nd September 1864 258

Siege of Petersburg – Actions 27th October 1864 259

Cedar Creek – 19th October 1864 260

Battle of Cedar Creek – 19th October 1864 5-9 A.M. Confederate Attacks 261

Battle of Spring Hill – 29th November 1864 – Afternoon 262

Battle of Spring Hill – 29th November 1864 – Evening 263

Battle of Cedar Creek – 19th October 1864 4-5 P.M. Union Counterattack 264

Franklin – 30th November 1864 265

Battle of Franklin – Hood’s Approach 30th November 1864 266

Battle of Franklin – 30th November 1864 Actions after 4.30 P.M. 267

Nashville – 15th & 16th December 1864 268

V – OVERVIEWS 269

1 – Map of the States that Succeeded – 1860-1861 269

Fort Henry Campaign – February 1862 270

Forts Henry and Donelson – February 1862 271

Jackson’s Valley Campaign – 23rd March to 8th May 1862 272

Peninsula Campaign – 17th March to 31st May 1862 273

Jackson’s Valley Campaign – 21st May to 9th June 1862 274

Northern Virginia Campaign – 7th to 28th August 1862 275

Maryland Campaign – September 1862 276

Iuka-Corinth Campaign – First Phase – 10th to 19th September 1862 277

Iuka-Corinth Campaign – Second Phase – 20th September – 3rd October 1862 278

Fredericksburg Campaign – Movements mid-November to 10th December 1862 279

Memphis to Vicksburg – 1862-1863 280

Operations Against Vicksburg and Grant’s Bayou Operations – November 1862 to April 1863 281

Campaign Against Vicksburg – 1863 282

Grant’s Operations Against Vicksburg – April to July 1863 283

Knoxville Campaign - 1863 284

Tullahoma Campaign – 24th June – 3rd July 1863 285

Rosecrans’ Manoeuvre – 20th August to 17th September 1963 287

Bristoe Campaign – 9th October to 9th November 1863 288

Mine Run Campaign – 27th November 1863 – 2nd December 1863 289

Grant’s Overland Campaign – Wilderness to North Anna - 1864 290

Grant’s Overland Campaign – May to June 1864 291

Overland Campaign – 4th  May 1864 292

Overland Campaign – 27th to 29th May 1864 293

Overland Campaign –29th to 30th May 1864 294

Overland Campaign – 1st June 1864 – Afternoon 295

Sheridan’s Richmond Raid – 9th to 14th