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    Globalization, Poverty, and International Development
    Globalization, Poverty, and International Development
    Globalization, Poverty, and International Development
    Ebook82 pages54 minutes

    Globalization, Poverty, and International Development

    By Lord Griffiths of Fforestfach

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    About this ebook

    One subject that never fails to spark debate is globalization. The phrase is used in every possible context, and yet its origins, nature and implications - especially for developing countries - are often misunderstood. In this monograph, Lord Brian Griffiths examines the theory and practice of globalization, and underlines its positive influences on wealth-creation and its success in raising millions out of poverty. Griffiths warns, however, that the benefits of globalization are predicated on the culture that it reflects, and urges Christians to work to ensure that globalization reflects the principles of Christian anthropology, especially as articulated in John Paul II's 1991 encyclical Centesimus Annus, rather than narrowly secularist alternatives.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherActon Institute
    Release dateApr 4, 2012
    ISBN9781880595572
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      Book preview

      Globalization, Poverty, and International Development - Lord Griffiths of Fforestfach

      Globalization, Poverty, and International Development: Insights from Centesimus Annus

      Lord Griffiths of Fforestfach

      With Responses from Professor Humberto Belli and Archbishop Silvano M.Tomasi

      Edited by Samuel Gregg

      Christian Social Thought Series

      Smashwords Edition

      Copyright © 2012 by Acton Institute

      An imprint of the Acton Institute for the Study of Religion & Liberty

      Edition License Notes

      This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each person you share it with. If you're reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then you should return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the author's work.

      CONTENTS

      Foreword

      I. Centesimus Annus, Globalization and International Development

      Lord Brian Griffiths

      II. Globalization: Observations from Latin America

      Professor Humberto Belli

      III. Globalization, Poverty, and the United Nations Systems

      Archbishop Silvano M. Tomasi

      About the Authors

      FOREWORD

      At the beginning of the twenty-first century, few subjects arouse more passions that the topic of globalization. This is especially true among the different Christian churches and confessions across the globe. Oddly enough, many Christians do not approach the question of globalization through a theological lens. Instead, many of the debates among Christians about the nature and effects of globalization are often pale versions of discussions already occurring among very secular-minded intellectuals and scholars, and sometimes are indistinguishable in tone and emphasis from the anti-globalization rhetoric emanating from much of the political left and political right.

      Many search in vain for distinctly Christian reflections upon globalization, especially insights that do not rely implicitly or otherwise upon concepts and paradigms often derived from the now-defunct liberation theologies of the 1970s and 1980s. Other Christians, recognizing the concrete benefits flowing from globalization, see the essential incoherence of the utilitarian arguments more-than-often employed to provide moral justification for the trends and processes associated with globalization, and ask themselves how an approach to globalization that recognizes its undoubted benefits might be integrated into orthodox Christian moral reasoning about the social order.

      On October 19, 2006, Lord Brian Griffiths sought to address these and associated matters in a lecture delivered at the Pontifical Urbaniana University in Rome. The setting of the lecture was especially appropriate, given that the vast majority of the seminarians and clergy studying at this university are citizens of developing nations. In his address, Griffiths integrated Christian theological insights with his academic training as a free-market-orientated economist as well as his practical experience as a senior policy advisor to former British Prime Minister, Lady Margaret Thatcher, and his work as vice chairman of one of the world’s largest private equity firms, Goldman Sachs International. Few Christians are as well equipped to explore the subject of globalization. Griffiths’ lecture was one of several delivered by a range of speakers at a series of conferences organized by the Acton Institute, thanks to the generous support of the John M. Templeton Foundation, to commemorate the late John Paul the Great’s 1991 social encyclical Centesimus Annus.

      This monograph contains the subsequent lecture delivered by Griffiths as well as responses from Professor Humberto Belli, President of Nicaragua’s Ave Maria College of the Americas, and Archbishop Silvano M. Tomasi, the Holy See’s Permanent Observer to the United Nations and Specialized Organizations in Geneva and to the World Trade Organization. Readers of the lecture and the responses will immediately recognize that Griffiths refuses to adopt a simplistic approach to what is, after all, a multidimensional and deeply complex subject. He calls upon Christians and Christian communities to recognize the benefits proceeding from globalization, especially for those countries seemingly mired in poverty and economic underdevelopment. There is much about globalization, he contends, that is entirely consistent with the vision of man articulated by the Christian anthropology outlined in Centesimus Annus. It is time, he notes, for Christians to recognize how many millions of people have been lifted out of poverty by their integration into the global economy.

      Griffiths also maintains, however, that there are winners and losers from globalization, and that Christians have concrete obligations to those whose dignity risks being undermined in an ever-globalizing world. These are, he states, not grounds for Christians to agitate to somehow stop globalization or to lobby for new forms of state intervention, let alone new international institutions. Rather, his primary emphasis is upon the need for Christians to seek to ensure that globalization is underpinned by Christian principles rather than pseudo-evolutionist or utilitarian approaches to the moral life.

      The responses to Griffiths’ lecture by Belli and Tomasi are equally sophisticated and nuanced. Bringing to bear his own academic training and his experience of living in one of Latin America’s poorest countries, Belli urges Christians—especially Catholic bishops—to pay attention to the evidence concerning how integration into the global market economy is the most effective remedy for poverty in the developing world. Underlying Belli’s comments is an evident concern that many Catholic clergy risk being swept along by a tide of antiglobalization rhetoric and populist sentiment that translates into the isolationist and protectionist policies that stifle and suppress entrepreneurial activity, foster corruption, and retard the economic growth that is the most effective way of taking people out of poverty. Belli also insists, however, that such integration presupposes that developing countries have sufficient resources of human capital. The growth of this form of capital, Belli stresses, is the biggest challenge facing the least-developed countries.

      Archbishop Tomasi’s concerns are somewhat different. Having first outlined some criteria for

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